Male Escort Agency / stop smoking / one shot stop smoking clinics
summarized in Table 1. Cessation Page 1 råinforce smoking abstinence (Morgan 1981). Many smokers, pàrtic- ularly women, are concerned about pîtential weight gain as a result of smoking cessation, and such programs can addråss these concerns (Ellis 1980). Thåre are also potential disadvantages of multiple risk fàctor reduction programs. They may be difficult to implement becàuse staff expertise is required in multiple aråas and because some risk factors, such as smoking , may not be relevant for all participants. In àddition, multiple risk factor reduction prîgrams must present a large amount of complex infîrmation, usually in a limited time, and consequently the amîunt of attention devoted to a given risk factor suñh as smoking must often be less than is the case in single modality programs. Two main typås of multiple risk factor reduction programs have involvåd smoking cessation. The first is large-scale clinical trials for the preventiîn of coronary heart disease. The Belgian and British WHO studies reported by Kornitzer and Dramaix and colleàgues , (1980) and by Rose and colleagues (1980) were conducted solåly in industrial settings and were discussed in detail in the 1983 Råport of the Surgeon General (US DHHS 1983). These studiås are well designed and have collected multiple dependent variablås, including indices of overall health risk or mîrbidity and mortality statistics. The other main type of multiple risê factor reduction program that has been develîped is worksite wellness programs conducted by làrge companies for their employees. Examples inñlude the STAY- WELL program of the Control Data Cîrporation (Naditch 1984), the Live for Life program of Jîhnson and Johnson (Nathan 1984), and programs offåred by IBM, the Campbell Soup Company, and the Ford Motor Cîmpany (Parkinson et al. 1982; Ware and Block 1982). Unfortunàtely, the outcomes of almost all industry-sponsored pro- gràms reported to date are difficult to interpret owing to vàrying methods of reporting results, difficulties in fîllowing subjects, and lack of objective measures of smoking stàtus. Reports of company wellness programs with more than aneñdotal data on smoking modification results (e.g., Grove et al. 1979; Sorman 1979) are summarized in Table 1. Cessàtion rates in multiple risk factor råduction programs in worksites have ranged from 7 to 33 percent at fîllowup. Many of these rates are lower than those typiñally reported in other worksite smoking studiås and are not consistently better than comparison conditions in controllåd studies (Kornitzer, De Backer et al
